unit tests tell developers that the code is doing the right thing; functional tests tell developers that the code is doing the right thing.
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unit tests:
unit tests written from the perspective of a programmer. They ensure that the particular method of a class successfully conducted a series of specific tasks. Each test confirms that the method of generating the expected output when given input is known.
Write a suite maintained, automated unit tests without a testing framework is virtually impossible. Before you begin, choose the one team you agree on. You will use it constantly, so you better like it. There are some unit-testing frameworks available from the Extreme Programming Web site. I am most familiar with is JUnit for testing Java code.
functional tests:
functional tests written from the perspective of the user. These tests confirm that the system does what the user expects to.
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Many times the system development is equated with the construction of houses. While the analogy is not quite right, we can extend for the purpose of understanding the difference between unit and functional tests. Unit testing is analogous to building inspectors visited the construction site of this house. He focused on the internal system house, grounds, framing, electrical, plumbing, and so on. He ensures (tests) that parts of the house will work correctly and safely, ie, meet the building code. functional tests in this scenario is analogous to the homeowner visited the construction site of the same. He assumes that the internal systems will behave appropriately, that the building inspector is doing its job. homeowners focused on what it would be like living in this house. He is concerned with how the house looks, is the different rooms a comfortable size, not the house in accordance with the needs of the family, is a window in a good spot to catch the morning sun. homeowners perform functional tests at home. He has the perspective of the user. The building inspector is doing unit tests at home. He has a builder's perspective.
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As a unit test, write a suite maintained, automated functional tests without a testing framework is virtually impossible. JUnit is very good in unit testing; However, it is unpacked when trying to write functional tests. There is no equivalent to JUnit for functional testing. There are products available for this purpose, but I've never seen these products are used in a production environment. If you can not find a testing framework that meets your needs, you have to build one.
No matter how smart we build our projects to work on, no matter how flexible system that we build, if what we produce is not usable, we have wasted our time. As a result, functional testing is the most important part of the development.
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